Cataracts are a common eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Cataracts occur when the natural lens in the eye becomes clouded, impairing vision. While cataracts are often linked to the aging process, they can occur at any stage of life.

Clear vision relies on the eye’s lens, which focuses light onto the retina. Cataracts form when the lens becomes clouded, obstructing the passage of light. Common symptoms include blurry vision, poor night vision, sensitivity to bright light, and dull color perception.

The aging process is the leading cause of cataracts, although other factors also play a role. Diabetes, UV radiation, smoking, and specific medications are among the additional contributors to cataract formation. Genetic predisposition and past eye injuries can also increase the likelihood of developing cataracts.

Cataracts are typically diagnosed during a thorough eye evaluation by a medical professional. These exams may involve assessing vision clarity, inspecting the lens with specialized tools, and evaluating the retina by dilating the pupils. Detecting cataracts early enables better management and reduces the risk of significant vision problems.

Treatment options for cataracts depend on their severity. Enhanced eyewear and lighting adjustments may suffice in the initial stages. However, surgery is the most effective treatment for advanced cataracts. During cataract surgery, the clouded lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens.

In conclusion, cataracts are a treatable condition that can greatly impact vision and quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments can help individuals take proactive steps to maintain eye health.